The Legit Baines Blog

📻📟📠  I've been exploring potential options for designing a private network that gathers sensor data and delivers it securely to a central hub while also supporting two-way communication requires careful consideration of range, bandwidth, latency, security, and scalability. Whether you’re managing environmental monitors across farmland, tracking machinery in a factory, or aggregating building automation data, the right architecture ensures reliability and long-term flexibility. Below are four proven approaches, each suited to different operational needs. The first method is a local Ethernet or wired LAN architecture . In this setup, sensors connect via Ethernet (often using Power over Ethernet to simplify cabling) to switches that route traffic to a central on-site server or data hub. Two-way communication is straightforward: the hub can push configuration updates, firmware patches, or control commands back to the devices over the same secure channel. This method offers high ba...

Baines is on a path of continuous personal development, his next target is the programming language C++  💪💪💪  I’ve always believed that growth happens when you deliberately step outside your comfort zone. That’s exactly why I’ve started learning C++. I’m constantly looking for ways to raise my programming game to the next level, and C++ feels like a natural progression—especially as I continue aiming for a future in embedded systems . Even though I haven’t yet had my big break into the professional embedded world, I want to be ready when the right opportunity appears. Preparation meets opportunity-that’s the goal. C++ is powerful, fast, and close to the hardware, which makes it ideal for embedded development. It forces you to think more carefully about memory, performance, and system design. That challenge is exactly what attracts me. I don’t just want to write code that works-I want to understand what’s happening under the hood. By building a strong foundation in C++, I’m...

I have always been good with numbers, when I was at school I did my Maths GCSE a year early and got a B. Unfortunately I had a lot of bad things going on in my life at the time so I didn’t go forward with University at that time.  Fast forward a decade or two and now I’m a recent graduate from Hallam University , I went there as a mature student to do a degree in computing and the course involved loads of data related modules. During my Computing course at Hallam University I spent a lot of time learning about data, databases, data cleaning , data processing, data management, data analytics and data visualisations . The course also involved a number of assignments that included a power point presentations in front of tutors and answering their questions about the work afterwards. Presentations were something I was very comfortable doing. I learned to collect raw sensor data using a Raspberry Pin (or from a pico using micropython/circuitpython), I learned that it is absolu...

What is Bar Billiards? Bar Billiards Auto-Score Project Outline BB Auto-score code on git hub. 🏆🏆🏆 Stage 1 of my Bar Billiards Auto-Score Project is complete.  It's not rocket science but my method for making progress is to go step by step.  If I can do something straight away I'll do it then make incremental progress.  Whenever I'm working on a new kind of project that involves doing things I haven't done before and using technologies that I haven't used before I try to simplify it as much as I possibly can just so I can get something working.  It's a lot easier to start with something small and simple that works than something big and expansive that isn't working.  When it's new, big, complicated and not working it will be incredibly difficult to work out what's gone wrong. 💻💾📈 Python command line is about as simple as it gets, I've done it this way because this is what's required for this project.  The next step will involve getting ...

  Imperial measurement system converter app  I decided to spend an evening making a unit converter app without using an api to do the heavy lifting for me *and* with a python based gui because I haven't really made anything with one of them before and this is the result: 👍👍👍      I installed Tinkter to get the GUI ( graphical user interface ) This is the GUI it produces when it's running.     The next job is to tidy up the code, it needs it.  Then I want to add some more functionality to it.  I can add volume conversion or weight .  I've always wanted to do some research into old money so I can add that to the app. After I've added a bit more functio Link to the app on github nality to it I'll find a way to host it on the public internet.     This is my advice to any other programmers out there:  Once you've got something working make the most of it because it's easier to add things onto something that's ...

Beginners guide for using the Machine Learning and/or AI tools on google.colab for a complete beginner:  AI and ML is all about analysing data so first you need to decide what kind of data you want to analyse. ( I refer you back to my previous blog post beginners guide to AI and ML terms. .) Basically do you want to analyse numerical data , text or images ? On this occasion I’m going to keep it simple and create some data visualisations  (graphs) You can get free open source data from this website kaggle.com I downloaded this file in .csv format: s-p-500-time-series-forecasting-with-prophet/input   Next find this website colab.research.google.com https://colab.research.google.com This is when you can go to chatgpt and ask it to write the code for google colab to analyse the data in  the way you want for example you could ask it to write the code to create a dataframe from that data:    Drag and drop the csv file into google.colab Change the labels s...

1. Why a Proper Setup Matters Before diving into code, a structured setup helps you avoid “spaghetti” projects that become hard to maintain. Using a virtual environment ensures your dependencies are isolated (so you don’t clash with system Python or other projects). Having a clear skeleton (separating imports, variables, functions, and “main program logic”) gives you and future readers a map of where each piece lives. Many software engineering experts emphasize that good architecture up front can save you enormous friction later — clean structure is one of the foundations of maintainability . ( Ciklum ) 2. Creating a Virtual Environment  💾💻💹 Here’s a typical workflow: Open your terminal / command prompt in your project folder (or create a new folder). Run (for Python 3): python3 -m venv venv This creates a directory venv/ (or whatever you name it) containing the isolated Python environment. Activate it: On macOS / Linux: source venv/bin/activate On Window...

📶💻💹 Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are terms that are used by a lot of people but do you know about the technical nuts and bolts of how they actually work? If you don't that's OK, — I’ve broken down some of the most common terms you might hear in the world of AI/ML into simple explanations anyone can understand. Plus, if you're using Google Colab , there's a built-in AI assistant called Gemini that can help you understand and write code but you need to know the right questions to ask it first.   1. NLP (Natural Language Processing) 🎤🎧 NLP is a branch of AI that helps computers understand and work with human language. Think of it as the technology behind things like chatbots, language translators, and voice assistants like Siri or Alexa. It allows machines to “read” and make sense of text or speech, just like we do. 2. BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) BERT is a special AI model developed by Google that ...